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Notes that are not verse specific
It is interesting to note in this chapter how Saul's attitude towards David changes as the record progresses. Saul's attitude is typical of mans ways. When David first approached the king, Saul was not concerned who he was, his only concern was that he was too young to be challenging such a man as Goliath. Still, Saul let him go without knowing who he was. As we come to the end of the chapter we see how things have changed; now the king wants to know who this young man is. What a lesson for all of us. Man's way is those around him are as nothing for the most part, but the way of our Heavenly Father is that He not only knows who we are, He knows the number of the hairs of our heads (Luke 12:7). How richly blessed we are that there is One who cares, who knows, and watches over us, as David was watched over in this encounter with Goliath.
John Wilson [Toronto West (Can)] Comment added in 2007 Reply to John
David as a type of Christ (part 1 of 2 - for part 2 go to 2 Sam.2):
1. David was introduced to the nation when he defeated Goliath, a giant with whom Israel could not cope. Jesus was introduced to the nation in defeating an even greater enemy than Goliath (Heb 2:14).
2. In defeating Goliath, David made it possible for the Israelites to overthrow the Philistines. Jesus, by his victory, made it possible for his followers to conquer sin and death.
3. David was persecuted by the leaders and people of the nation he helped. The Jewish leaders opposed and finally crucified their Messiah.
4. David left Israel, to go into a "far country" where Saul could no longer seek him (1Sam 27:4). There he awaited the time when he would be called to the kingdom. The Lord Jesus has done likewise (Luke 19:12).
5. During his absence, David gathered around him followers who left all to serve him, and who later helped him to rule the kingdom (1Chron 12:1). Christ is doing likewise today (Acts 15:14;Rev 5:9-10).
6. David returned to Israel at a time of great trouble, when the nation had been invaded and its army defeated (1Sam 31:1). Jesus Christ will do likewise (Zech 14:3-5).
The above from The Story of the Bible by H.P.Mansfield, V.3, P.31.
Charles Link, Jr. [Moorestown, (NJ, USA)] Comment added in 2010 Reply to Charles
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1. Now the Philistines <6430> gathered together <622>(8799) their armies <4264> to battle <4421>, and were gathered together <622>(8735) at Shochoh <7755>, which belongeth to Judah <3063>, and pitched <2583>(8799) between Shochoh <7755> and Azekah <5825>, in Ephesdammim <658>.
2. And Saul <7586> and the men <376> of Israel <3478> were gathered together <622>(8738), and pitched <2583>(8799) by the valley <6010> of Elah <425>, and set the battle <4421> in array <6186>(8799) against <7125>(8800) the Philistines <6430>.
3. And the Philistines <6430> stood <5975>(8802) on a mountain <2022> on the one side, and Israel <3478> stood <5975>(8802) on a mountain <2022> on the other side: and there was a valley <1516> between them.
4. And there went out <3318>(8799) a champion <376> <1143> out of the camp <4264> of the Philistines <6430>, named <8034> Goliath <1555>, of Gath <1661>, whose height <1363> was six <8337> cubits <520> and a span <2239>.
5. And he had an helmet <3553> of brass <5178> upon his head <7218>, and he was armed <3847>(8803) with a coat <8302> of mail <7193>; and the weight <4948> of the coat <8302> was five <2568> thousand <505> shekels <8255> of brass <5178>.
6. And he had greaves <4697> of brass <5178> upon his legs <7272>, and a target <3591> of brass <5178> between his shoulders <3802>.
7. And the staff <6086>(8675) <2671> of his spear <2595> was like a weaver's <707>(8802) beam <4500>; and his spear's <2595> head <3852> weighed six <8337> hundred <3967> shekels <8255> of iron <1270>: and one bearing <5375>(8802) a shield <6793> went <1980>(8802) before <6440> him.
8. And he stood <5975>(8799) and cried <7121>(8799) unto the armies <4634> of Israel <3478>, and said <559>(8799) unto them, Why are ye come out <3318>(8799) to set your battle <4421> in array <6186>(8800)? am not I a Philistine <6430>, and ye servants <5650> to Saul <7586>? choose <1262>(8798) you a man <376> for you, and let him come down <3381>(8799) to me.
9. If he be able <3201>(8799) to fight <3898>(8736) with me, and to kill <5221>(8689) me, then will we be your servants <5650>: but if I prevail <3201>(8799) against him, and kill <5221>(8689) him, then shall ye be our servants <5650>, and serve <5647>(8804) us.
10. And the Philistine <6430> said <559>(8799), I defy <2778>(8765) the armies <4634> of Israel <3478> this day <3117>; give <5414>(8798) me a man <376>, that we may fight <3898>(8735) together <3162>.
11. When Saul <7586> and all Israel <3478> heard <8085>(8799) those words <1697> of the Philistine <6430>, they were dismayed <2865>(8735), and greatly <3966> afraid <3372>(8799).
12. Now David <1732> was the son <1121> of that Ephrathite <376> <673> of Bethlehemjudah <1035> <3063>, whose name <8034> was Jesse <3448>; and he had eight <8083> sons <1121>: and the man <376> went <935>(8804) among men <582> for an old man <2204>(8804) in the days <3117> of Saul <7586>.
13. And the three <7969> eldest <1419> sons <1121> of Jesse <3448> went <3212>(8799) and followed <310> Saul <7586> to the battle <4421>: and the names <8034> of his three <7969> sons <1121> that went <1980>(8804) to the battle <4421> were Eliab <446> the firstborn <1060>, and next <4932> unto him Abinadab <41>, and the third <7992> Shammah <8048>.
14. And David <1732> was the youngest <6996>: and the three <7969> eldest <1419> followed <1980>(8804) <310> Saul <7586>.
15. But David <1732> went <1980>(8802) and returned <7725>(8802) from Saul <7586> to feed <7462>(8800) his father's <1> sheep <6629> at Bethlehem <1035>.
16. And the Philistine <6430> drew near <5066>(8799) morning <7925>(8687) and evening <6150>(8687), and presented <3320>(8691) himself forty <705> days <3117>.
17. And Jesse <3448> said <559>(8799) unto David <1732> his son <1121>, Take <3947>(8798) now for thy brethren <251> an ephah <374> of this <2088> parched <7039> corn, and these ten <6235> loaves <3899>, and run <7323>(8685) to the camp <4264> to thy brethren <251>;
18. And carry <935>(8686) these ten <6235> cheeses <2461> <2757> unto the captain <8269> of their thousand <505>, and look <6485>(8799) how thy brethren <251> fare <7965>, and take <3947>(8799) their pledge <6161>.
19. Now Saul <7586>, and they, and all the men <376> of Israel <3478>, were in the valley <6010> of Elah <425>, fighting <3898>(8737) with the Philistines <6430>.
20. And David <1732> rose up early <7925>(8686) in the morning <1242>, and left <5203>(8799) the sheep <6629> with a keeper <8104>(8802), and took <5375>(8799), and went <3212>(8799), as Jesse <3448> had commanded <6680>(8765) him; and he came <935>(8799) to the trench <4570>, as the host <2428> was going forth <3318>(8802) to the fight <4634>, and shouted <7321>(8689) for the battle <4421>.
21. For Israel <3478> and the Philistines <6430> had put the battle in array <6186>(8799), army <4634> against <7125>(8800) army <4634>.
22. And David <1732> left <5203>(8799) his carriage <3627> in the hand <3027> of the keeper <8104>(8802) of the carriage <3627>, and ran <7323>(8799) into the army <4634>, and came <935>(8799) and saluted <7592>(8799) <7965> his brethren <251>.
23. And as he talked <1696>(8764) with them, behold, there came up <5927>(8802) the champion <376> <1143>, the Philistine <6430> of Gath <1661>, Goliath <1555> by name <8034>, out of the armies <4634>(8675) <4630> of the Philistines <6430>, and spake <1696>(8762) according to the same <428> words <1697>: and David <1732> heard <8085>(8799) them.
24. And all the men <376> of Israel <3478>, when they saw <7200>(8800) the man <376>, fled <5127>(8799) from him <6440>, and were sore <3966> afraid <3372>(8799).
25. And the men <376> of Israel <3478> said <559>(8799), Have ye seen <7200>(8804) this man <376> that is come up <5927>(8802)? surely to defy <2778>(8763) Israel <3478> is he come up <5927>(8802): and it shall be, that the man <376> who killeth <5221>(8686) him, the king <4428> will enrich <6238>(8686) him with great <1419> riches <6239>, and will give <5414>(8799) him his daughter <1323>, and make <6213>(8799) his father's <1> house <1004> free <2670> in Israel <3478>.
26. And David <1732> spake <559>(8799) to the men <582> that stood <5975>(8802) by him, saying <559>(8800), What shall be done <6213>(8735) to the man <376> that killeth <5221>(8686) this <1975> Philistine <6430>, and taketh away <5493>(8689) the reproach <2781> from Israel <3478>? for who is this uncircumcised <6189> Philistine <6430>, that he should defy <2778>(8765) the armies <4634> of the living <2416> God <430>?
27. And the people <5971> answered <559>(8799) him after this manner <1697>, saying <559>(8800), So shall it be done <6213>(8735) to the man <376> that killeth <5221>(8686) him.
28. And Eliab <446> his eldest <1419> brother <251> heard <8085>(8799) when he spake <1696>(8763) unto the men <582>; and Eliab's <446> anger <639> was kindled <2734>(8799) against David <1732>, and he said <559>(8799), Why camest thou down <3381>(8804) hither? and with whom hast thou left <5203>(8804) those <2007> few <4592> sheep <6629> in the wilderness <4057>? I know <3045>(8804) thy pride <2087>, and the naughtiness <7455> of thine heart <3824>; for thou art come down <3381>(8804) that thou mightest see <7200>(8800) the battle <4421>.
29. And David <1732> said <559>(8799), What have I now done <6213>(8804)? Is there not a cause <1697>?
30. And he turned <5437>(8735) from him <681> toward <4136> another <312>, and spake <559>(8799) after the same manner <1697>: and the people <5971> answered <1697> him again <7725>(8686) after the former <7223> manner <1697>.
31. And when the words <1697> were heard <8085>(8735) which David <1732> spake <1696>(8765), they rehearsed <5046>(8686) them before <6440> Saul <7586>: and he sent <3947>(8799) for him.
32. And David <1732> said <559>(8799) to Saul <7586>, Let no man's <120> heart <3820> fail <5307>(8799) because of him; thy servant <5650> will go <3212>(8799) and fight <3898>(8738) with this Philistine <6430>.
33. And Saul <7586> said <559>(8799) to David <1732>, Thou art not able <3201>(8799) to go <3212>(8800) against this Philistine <6430> to fight <3898>(8736) with him: for thou art but a youth <5288>, and he a man <376> of war <4421> from his youth <5271>.
34. And David <1732> said <559>(8799) unto Saul <7586>, Thy servant <5650> kept <7462>(8802) his father's <1> sheep <6629>, and there came <935>(8804) a lion <738>, and a bear <1677>, and took <5375>(8804) a lamb <7716>(8675) <2089> out of the flock <5739>:
35. And I went out <3318>(8804) after <310> him, and smote <5221>(8689) him, and delivered <5337>(8689) it out of his mouth <6310>: and when he arose <6965>(8799) against me, I caught <2388>(8689) him by his beard <2206>, and smote <5221>(8689) him, and slew <4191>(8689) him.
36. Thy servant <5650> slew <5221>(8689) both the lion <738> and the bear <1677>: and this uncircumcised <6189> Philistine <6430> shall be as one <259> of them, seeing he hath defied <2778>(8765) the armies <4634> of the living <2416> God <430>.
37. David <1732> said <559>(8799) moreover, The LORD <3068> that delivered <5337>(8689) me out of the paw <3027> of the lion <738>, and out of the paw <3027> of the bear <1677>, he will deliver <5337>(8686) me out of the hand <3027> of this Philistine <6430>. And Saul <7586> said <559>(8799) unto David <1732>, Go <3212>(8798), and the LORD <3068> be with thee.
38. And Saul <7586> armed <3847>(8686) David <1732> with his armour <4055>, and he put <5414>(8804) an helmet <6959> of brass <5178> upon his head <7218>; also he armed <3847>(8686) him with a coat of mail <8302>.
39. And David <1732> girded <2296>(8799) his sword <2719> upon his armour <4055>, and he assayed <2974>(8686) to go <3212>(8800); for he had not proved <5254>(8765) it. And David <1732> said <559>(8799) unto Saul <7586>, I cannot <3201>(8799) go <3212>(8800) with these; for I have not proved <5254>(8765) them. And David <1732> put <5493>(8686) them off him.
40. And he took <3947>(8799) his staff <4731> in his hand <3027>, and chose <977>(8799) him five <2568> smooth <2512> stones <68> out of the brook <5158>, and put <7760>(8799) them in a shepherd's <7462>(8802) bag <3627> which he had, even in a scrip <3219>; and his sling <7050> was in his hand <3027>: and he drew near <5066>(8799) to the Philistine <6430>.
41. And the Philistine <6430> came <3212>(8799) on <1980>(8802) and drew near <7131> unto David <1732>; and the man <376> that bare <5375>(8802) the shield <6793> went before <6440> him.
42. And when the Philistine <6430> looked about <5027>(8686), and saw <7200>(8799) David <1732>, he disdained <959>(8799) him: for he was but a youth <5288>, and ruddy <132>, and of a fair <3303> countenance <4758>.
43. And the Philistine <6430> said <559>(8799) unto David <1732>, Am I a dog <3611>, that thou comest <935>(8802) to me with staves <4731>? And the Philistine <6430> cursed <7043>(8762) David <1732> by his gods <430>.
44. And the Philistine <6430> said <559>(8799) to David <1732>, Come <3212>(8798) to me, and I will give <5414>(8799) thy flesh <1320> unto the fowls <5775> of the air <8064>, and to the beasts <929> of the field <7704>.
45. Then said <559>(8799) David <1732> to the Philistine <6430>, Thou comest <935>(8802) to me with a sword <2719>, and with a spear <2595>, and with a shield <3591>: but I come <935>(8802) to thee in the name <8034> of the LORD <3068> of hosts <6635>, the God <430> of the armies <4634> of Israel <3478>, whom thou hast defied <2778>(8765).
46. This day <3117> will the LORD <3068> deliver <5462>(8762) thee into mine hand <3027>; and I will smite <5221>(8689) thee, and take <5493>(8689) thine head <7218> from thee; and I will give <5414>(8804) the carcases <6297> of the host <4264> of the Philistines <6430> this day <3117> unto the fowls <5775> of the air <8064>, and to the wild beasts <2416> of the earth <776>; that all the earth <776> may know <3045>(8799) that there is <3426> a God <430> in Israel <3478>.
47. And all this assembly <6951> shall know <3045>(8799) that the LORD <3068> saveth <3467>(8686) not with sword <2719> and spear <2595>: for the battle <4421> is the LORD'S <3068>, and he will give <5414>(8804) you into our hands <3027>.
48. And it came to pass, when the Philistine <6430> arose <6965>(8804), and came <3212>(8799) and drew nigh <7126>(8799) to meet <7125>(8800) David <1732>, that David <1732> hasted <4116>(8762), and ran <7323>(8799) toward the army <4634> to meet <7125>(8800) the Philistine <6430>.
49. And David <1732> put <7971>(8799) his hand <3027> in his bag <3627>, and took <3947>(8799) thence a stone <68>, and slang <7049>(8762) it, and smote <5221>(8686) the Philistine <6430> in his forehead <4696>, that the stone <68> sunk <2883>(8799) into his forehead <4696>; and he fell <5307>(8799) upon his face <6440> to the earth <776>.
50. So David <1732> prevailed <2388>(8799) over <4480> the Philistine <6430> with a sling <7050> and with a stone <68>, and smote <5221>(8686) the Philistine <6430>, and slew <4191>(8686) him; but there was no sword <2719> in the hand <3027> of David <1732>.
51. Therefore David <1732> ran <7323>(8799), and stood <5975>(8799) upon the Philistine <6430>, and took <3947>(8799) his sword <2719>, and drew <8025>(8799) it out of the sheath <8593> thereof, and slew <4191>(8787) him, and cut off <3772>(8799) his head <7218> therewith. And when the Philistines <6430> saw <7200>(8799) their champion <1368> was dead <4191>(8804), they fled <5127>(8799).
52. And the men <582> of Israel <3478> and of Judah <3063> arose <6965>(8799), and shouted <7321>(8686), and pursued <7291>(8799) the Philistines <6430>, until thou come <935>(8800) to the valley <1516>, and to the gates <8179> of Ekron <6138>. And the wounded <2491> of the Philistines <6430> fell down <5307>(8799) by the way <1870> to Shaaraim <8189>, even unto Gath <1661>, and unto Ekron <6138>.
53. And the children <1121> of Israel <3478> returned <7725>(8799) from chasing <1814>(8800) after <310> the Philistines <6430>, and they spoiled <8155>(8799) their tents <4264>.
54. And David <1732> took <3947>(8799) the head <7218> of the Philistine <6430>, and brought <935>(8686) it to Jerusalem <3389>; but he put <7760>(8804) his armour <3627> in his tent <168>.
55. And when Saul <7586> saw <7200>(8800) David <1732> go forth <3318>(8802) against <7125>(8800) the Philistine <6430>, he said <559>(8804) unto Abner <74>, the captain <8269> of the host <6635>, Abner <74>, whose son <1121> is this youth <5288>? And Abner <74> said <559>(8799), As thy soul <5315> liveth <2416>, O king <4428>, I cannot <518> tell <3045>(8804).
56. And the king <4428> said <559>(8799), Enquire <7592>(8798) thou whose son <1121> the stripling <5958> is.
57. And as David <1732> returned <7725>(8800) from the slaughter <5221>(8687) of the Philistine <6430>, Abner <74> took <3947>(8799) him, and brought <935>(8686) him before <6440> Saul <7586> with the head <7218> of the Philistine <6430> in his hand <3027>.
58. And Saul <7586> said <559>(8799) to him, Whose son <1121> art thou, thou young man <5288>? And David <1732> answered <559>(8799), I am the son <1121> of thy servant <5650> Jesse <3448> the Bethlehemite <1022>.
Notes that are not verse specific
Isa. 61:1,2.
When Jesus is in his hometown of Nazareth (Luke 4:16-21), he is given a scroll from Isa. 61 and reads v. 1 and the first part of v. 2 and then stops (Lk. 4:18,19). He then says in v. 21 - "Today this Scripture is fulfilled in your hearing." Why might he have stopped at that point and not have continued reading that 61st chapter?
The context of this passage is the Year of Jubilee. And the only one referred to in Old Testament times was the one in King Hezekiah's day. "You shall eat this year such things as grow of themselves, in the second year that which springs of the same; and in the third year you sow, and reap, and plant vineyards, and eat the fruits thereof" (2 Kings 19:29). Verse 31 there indicates the return of many from their Assyrian captivity - "And the remnant of the house of Judah shall yet again take root downward, and bear fruit upward." So within this passage there is allusion to these events: "liberty to the captives, opening of the prison to them that are bound", etc. The double portion receives mention in Isa. 61:7 - "Instead of their shame my people will receive a double portion, and instead of disgrace they will rejoice in their inheritance; and so they will inherit a double portion in their land, and everlasting joy will be theirs."
Also, in the phrase "deliverance (or release) to the captives", that key word is what the Septuagint version used repeatedly for the Year of Jubilee (
Lev 25:28-33). But why stop at that particular spot (according to Luke)? Some have said that the next phrase - "and the day of vengeance of our God" was not for that day but for 40 - or maybe 2000 years in the future. But if that were the case, why wasn't it noted by Luke when Jesus sat down? A likely better approach is to believe that he cited this prophecy and gave a number of fulfillments of it in his own day. That could still leave parts of it open to being fulfilled in the events of AD 70 and/or the time of the end.
Psalm 2 is a great example of one of those prophetic statements with a fulfillment surely in David's day, another in the first century with Jesus before Herod and Pontius Pilate (
Acts 4:25-27-), with a final fulfillment at the time of the end (see
Rev 19:15;
Rev 2:27).
One final point - the reading for that Jubilee sabbath was Deut. 29:9 - 30:20. At least 4 times in that section is "this day" used and nowhere else in the gospels does Jesus use it. So again the Year of Jubilee almost has to be what he was alluding to with the phrase, "this day this Scripture is fulfilled in your hearing."
Wes Booker [South Austin Texas USA] Comment added in 2013 Reply to Wes
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1. The Spirit <7307> of the Lord <136> GOD <3069> is upon me; because the LORD <3068> hath anointed <4886>(8804) me to preach good tidings <1319>(8763) unto the meek <6035>; he hath sent <7971>(8804) me to bind up <2280>(8800) the brokenhearted <7665>(8737) <3820>, to proclaim <7121>(8800) liberty <1865> to the captives <7617>(8803), and the opening of the prison <6495> to them that are bound <631>(8803);
2. To proclaim <7121>(8800) the acceptable <7522> year <8141> of the LORD <3068>, and the day <3117> of vengeance <5359> of our God <430>; to comfort <5162>(8763) all that mourn <57>;
3. To appoint <7760>(8800) unto them that mourn <57> in Zion <6726>, to give <5414>(8800) unto them beauty <6287> for ashes <665>, the oil <8081> of joy <8342> for mourning <60>, the garment <4594> of praise <8416> for the spirit <7307> of heaviness <3544>; that they might be called <7121>(8795) trees <352> of righteousness <6664>, the planting <4302> of the LORD <3068>, that he might be glorified <6286>(8692).
4. And they shall build <1129>(8804) the old <5769> wastes <2723>, they shall raise up <6965>(8787) the former <7223> desolations <8074>(8802), and they shall repair <2318>(8765) the waste <2721> cities <5892>, the desolations <8074>(8802) of many <1755> generations <1755>.
5. And strangers <2114>(8801) shall stand <5975>(8804) and feed <7462>(8804) your flocks <6629>, and the sons <1121> of the alien <5236> shall be your plowmen <406> and your vinedressers <3755>.
6. But ye shall be named <7121>(8735) the Priests <3548> of the LORD <3068>: men shall call <559>(8735) you the Ministers <8334>(8764) of our God <430>: ye shall eat <398>(8799) the riches <2428> of the Gentiles <1471>, and in their glory <3519> shall ye boast <3235>(8691) yourselves.
7. For your shame <1322> ye shall have double <4932>; and for confusion <3639> they shall rejoice <7442>(8799) in their portion <2506>: therefore in their land <776> they shall possess <3423>(8799) the double <4932>: everlasting <5769> joy <8057> shall be unto them.
8. For I the LORD <3068> love <157>(8802) judgment <4941>, I hate <8130>(8802) robbery <1498> for burnt offering <5930>; and I will direct <5414>(8804) their work <6468> in truth <571>, and I will make <3772>(8799) an everlasting <5769> covenant <1285> with them.
9. And their seed <2233> shall be known <3045>(8738) among the Gentiles <1471>, and their offspring <6631> among <8432> the people <5971>: all that see <7200>(8802) them shall acknowledge <5234>(8686) them, that they are the seed <2233> which the LORD <3068> hath blessed <1288>(8765).
10. I will greatly <7797>(8800) rejoice <7797>(8799) in the LORD <3068>, my soul <5315> shall be joyful <1523>(8799) in my God <430>; for he hath clothed <3847>(8689) me with the garments <899> of salvation <3468>, he hath covered <3271>(8804) me with the robe <4598> of righteousness <6666>, as a bridegroom <2860> decketh <3547>(8762) himself with ornaments <6287>, and as a bride <3618> adorneth <5710>(8799) herself with her jewels <3627>.
11. For as the earth <776> bringeth forth <3318>(8686) her bud <6780>, and as the garden <1593> causeth the things that are sown <2221> in it to spring forth <6779>(8686); so the Lord <136> GOD <3069> will cause righteousness <6666> and praise <8416> to spring forth <6779>(8686) before all the nations <1471>.
Notes that are not verse specific
DO NOT BE LIKE THE HYPOCRITES
As we live a Christian life it is very easy to begin to live a hypocritical life, making sure that when we are in public we put on a good Christian face. Some people come to the Sunday service with a smile and graciousness plastered all over their faces, yet they have just been arguing with their spouse or shouting at their children minutes earlier (and I am guilty of that). Jesus points out three things we need to be careful about when it comes to hypocrisy, they are in giving gifts, praying and fasting. When we give gifts we should do it quietly remembering that what we are giving is between God, us and the person who is receiving the gift. The only reason anyone else needs to know is so they can praise us for it and then we will have had our reward from them instead of from God.
The same goes for prayer. Prayers are between us and God. Even public prayer should be a simple and humble affair speaking personally to God and not the audience who may hear us.
Fasting is also between God and us. We do not need to enhance our hunger for the show because we know that God sees.
So let us not "Put on" a Sunday face, but really and truly live it seven days a week.
Robert Prins [Auckland - Pakuranga - (NZ)] Comment added in 2002 Reply to Robert
6:14 One suspects that the people were aware that John the Baptist had been killed. Therefore their suggestion that Jesus was John the Baptist indicates that they believed in the resurrection of the dead. Maybe they had Mal 4:5 in mind. Maybe they thought that John had been raised to do the work spoken of in Malachi.
Peter Forbes [Mountsorrel (UK)] Comment added in 2012 Reply to Peter
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1. Take heed <4337>(5720) that ye do <4160>(5721) not <3361> your <5216> alms <1654> before <1715> men <444>, to be seen <4314> <2300>(5683) of them <846>: otherwise <1490> ye have <2192>(5719) no <3756> reward <3408> of <3844> your <5216> Father <3962> which <3588> is in <1722> heaven <3772>.
2. Therefore <3767> when <3752> thou doest <4160>(5725) thine alms <1654>, do <4537> <0> not <3361> sound a trumpet <4537>(5661) before <1715> thee <4675>, as <5618> the hypocrites <5273> do <4160>(5719) in <1722> the synagogues <4864> and <2532> in <1722> the streets <4505>, that <3704> they may have glory <1392>(5686) of <5259> men <444>. Verily <281> I say <3004>(5719) unto you <5213>, They have <568>(5719) their <848> reward <3408>.
3. But <1161> when thou <4675> doest <4160>(5723) alms <1654>, let <1097> <0> not <3361> thy <4675> left hand <710> know <1097>(5628) what <5101> thy <4675> right hand <1188> doeth <4160>(5719):
4. That <3704> thine <4675> alms <1654> may be <5600>(5753) in <1722> secret <2927>: and <2532> thy <4675> Father <3962> which <3588> seeth <991>(5723) in <1722> secret <2927> himself <846> shall reward <591>(5692) thee <4671> openly <1722> <5318>.
5. And <2532> when <3752> thou prayest <4336>(5741), thou shalt <2071> <0> not <3756> be <2071>(5704) as <5618> the hypocrites <5273> are: for <3754> they love <5368>(5719) to pray <4336>(5738) standing <2476>(5761) in <1722> the synagogues <4864> and <2532> in <1722> the corners <1137> of the streets <4113>, that <3704> they may <302> be seen <5316>(5652) of men <444>. Verily <281> I say <3004>(5719) unto you <5213>, <3754> They have <568>(5719) their <848> reward <3408>.
6. But <1161> thou <4771>, when <3752> thou prayest <4336>(5741), enter <1525>(5628) into <1519> thy <4675> closet <5009>, and <2532> when thou hast shut <2808>(5660) thy <4675> door <2374>, pray <4336>(5663) to thy <4675> Father <3962> which <3588> is in <1722> secret <2927>; and <2532> thy <4675> Father <3962> which <3588> seeth <991>(5723) in <1722> secret <2927> shall reward <591>(5692) thee <4671> openly <1722> <5318>.
7. But <1161> when ye pray <4336>(5740), use <945> <0> not <3361> vain repetitions <945>(5661), as <5618> the heathen <1482> do: for <1063> they think <1380>(5719) that <3754> they shall be heard <1522>(5701) for <1722> their <846> much speaking <4180>.
8. Be <3666> <0> not <3361> ye <3666> <0> therefore <3767> like <3666>(5686) unto them <846>: for <1063> your <5216> Father <3962> knoweth <1492>(5758) what things <3739> ye have <2192>(5719) need of <5532>, before <4253> ye <5209> ask <154>(5658) him <846>.
9. After this manner <3779> therefore <3767> pray <4336>(5737) ye <5210>: Our <2257> Father <3962> which <3588> art in <1722> heaven <3772>, Hallowed be <37>(5682) thy <4675> name <3686>.
10. Thy <4675> kingdom <932> come <2064>(5628). Thy <4675> will <2307> be done <1096>(5676) in <1909> earth <1093>, as <2532> <5613> it is in <1722> heaven <3772>.
11. Give <1325>(5628) us <2254> this day <4594> our <2257> daily <1967> bread <740>.
12. And <2532> forgive <863>(5628) us <2254> our <2257> debts <3783>, as <2532> <5613> we <2249> forgive <863>(5719) our <2257> debtors <3781>.
13. And <2532> lead <1533>(5661) us <2248> not <3361> into <1519> temptation <3986>, but <235> deliver <4506>(5663) us <2248> from <575> evil <4190>: For <3754> thine <4675> is <2076>(5748) the kingdom <932>, and <2532> the power <1411>, and <2532> the glory <1391>, for <1519> ever <165>. Amen <281>.
14. For <1063> if <1437> ye forgive <863>(5632) men <444> their <846> trespasses <3900>, your <5216> heavenly <3770> Father <3962> will also <2532> forgive <863>(5692) you <5213>:
15. But <1161> if <3362> <0> ye forgive <863>(5632) not <3362> men <444> their <846> trespasses <3900>, neither <3761> will your <5216> Father <3962> forgive <863>(5692) your <5216> trespasses <3900>.
16. Moreover <1161> when <3752> ye fast <3522>(5725), be <1096>(5737) not <3361>, as <5618> the hypocrites <5273>, of a sad countenance <4659>: for <1063> they disfigure <853>(5719) their <848> faces <4383>, that <3704> they may appear <5316>(5652) unto men <444> to fast <3522>(5723). Verily <281> I say <3004>(5719) unto you <5213>, <3754> They have <568>(5719) their <848> reward <3408>.
17. But <1161> thou <4771>, when thou fastest <3522>(5723), anoint <218>(5669) thine <4675> head <2776>, and <2532> wash <3538>(5669) thy <4675> face <4383>;
18. That <3704> thou appear <5316>(5652) not <3361> unto men <444> to fast <3522>(5723), but <235> unto thy <4675> Father <3962> which <3588> is in <1722> secret <2927>: and <2532> thy <4675> Father <3962>, which <3588> seeth <991>(5723) in <1722> secret <2927>, shall reward <591>(5692) thee <4671> openly <1722> <5318>.
19. Lay <2343> <0> not <3361> up <2343>(5720) for yourselves <5213> treasures <2344> upon <1909> earth <1093>, where <3699> moth <4597> and <2532> rust <1035> doth corrupt <853>(5719), and <2532> where <3699> thieves <2812> break through <1358>(5719) and <2532> steal <2813>(5719):
20. But <1161> lay up <2343>(5720) for yourselves <5213> treasures <2344> in <1722> heaven <3772>, where <3699> neither <3777> moth <4597> nor <3777> rust <1035> doth corrupt <853>(5719), and <2532> where <3699> thieves <2812> do <1358> <0> not <3756> break through <1358>(5719) nor <3761> steal <2813>(5719):
21. For <1063> where <3699> your <5216> treasure <2344> is <2076>(5748), there <1563> will <2071> <0> your <5216> heart <2588> be <2071>(5704) also <2532>.
22. The light <3088> of the body <4983> is <2076>(5748) the eye <3788>: if <1437> therefore <3767> thine <4675> eye <3788> be <5600>(5753) single <573>, thy <4675> whole <3650> body <4983> shall be <2071>(5704) full of light <5460>.
23. But <1161> if <1437> thine <4675> eye <3788> be <5600>(5753) evil <4190>, thy <4675> whole <3650> body <4983> shall be <2071>(5704) full of darkness <4652>. If <1487> therefore <3767> the light <5457> that is <2076>(5748) in <1722> thee <4671> be darkness <4655>, how great <4214> is that darkness <4655>!
24. No man <3762> can <1410>(5736) serve <1398>(5721) two <1417> masters <2962>: for <1063> either <2228> he will hate <3404>(5692) the one <1520>, and <2532> love <25>(5692) the other <2087>; or else <2228> he will hold <472>(5695) to the one <1520>, and <2532> despise <2706>(5692) the other <2087>. Ye cannot <3756> <1410>(5736) serve <1398>(5721) God <2316> and <2532> mammon <3126>.
25. Therefore <1223> <5124> I say <3004>(5719) unto you <5213>, Take no <3361> thought <3309>(5720) for your <5216> life <5590>, what <5101> ye shall eat <5315>(5632), or <2532> what <5101> ye shall drink <4095>(5632); nor yet for <3366> your <5216> body <4983>, what <5101> ye shall put on <1746>(5672). Is <2076>(5748) not <3780> the life <5590> more than <4119> meat <5160>, and <2532> the body <4983> than raiment <1742>?
26. Behold <1689>(5657) <1519> the fowls <4071> of the air <3772>: for <3754> they sow <4687>(5719) not <3756>, neither <3761> do they reap <2325>(5719), nor <3761> gather <4863>(5719) into <1519> barns <596>; yet <2532> your <5216> heavenly <3770> Father <3962> feedeth <5142>(5719) them <846>. Are <1308> <0> ye <5210> not <3756> much <3123> better than <1308>(5719) they <846>?
27. <1161> Which <1537> <5101> of you <5216> by taking thought <3309>(5723) can <1410>(5736) add <4369>(5629) one <1520> cubit <4083> unto <1909> his <848> stature <2244>?
28. And <2532> why <5101> take ye thought <3309>(5720) for <4012> raiment <1742>? Consider <2648>(5628) the lilies <2918> of the field <68>, how <4459> they grow <837>(5719); they toil <2872>(5719) not <3756>, neither <3761> do they spin <3514>(5719):
29. And yet <1161> I say <3004>(5719) unto you <5213>, That <3754> even <3761> <0> Solomon <4672> in <1722> all <3956> his <848> glory <1391> was <4016> <0> not <3761> arrayed <4016>(5639) like <5613> one <1520> of these <5130>.
30. Wherefore <1161>, if <1487> God <2316> so <3779> clothe <294>(5719) the grass <5528> of the field <68>, which to day <4594> is <5607>(5752), and <2532> to morrow <839> is cast <906>(5746) into <1519> the oven <2823>, shall he not <3756> much <4183> more <3123> clothe you <5209>, O ye of little faith <3640>?
31. Therefore <3767> take no <3361> thought <3309>(5661), saying <3004>(5723), What <5101> shall we eat <5315>(5632)? or <2228>, What <5101> shall we drink <4095>(5632)? or <2228>, Wherewithal <5101> shall we be clothed <4016>(5643)?
32. (For <1063> after <1934> <0> all <3956> these things <5023> do the Gentiles <1484> seek <1934>(5719):) for <1063> your <5216> heavenly <3770> Father <3962> knoweth <1492>(5758) that <3754> ye have need <5535>(5719) of all <537> these things <5130>.
33. But <1161> seek ye <2212>(5720) first <4412> the kingdom <932> of God <2316>, and <2532> his <846> righteousness <1343>; and <2532> all <3956> these things <5023> shall be added <4369>(5701) unto you <5213>.
34. Take <3309> <0> therefore <3767> no <3361> thought <3309>(5661) for <1519> the morrow <839>: for <1063> the morrow <839> shall take thought <3309>(5692) for the things <3588> of itself <1438>. Sufficient <713> unto the day <2250> is the evil <2549> thereof <846>.